What is the first phase of the stress response?

The first phase of the stress response is the alarm phase. This phase is characterized by the body's immediate reaction to a perceived threat or stressor. Upon encountering a stressor, the body activates the sympathetic nervous system, resulting in the "fight or flight" response. This leads to an increase in heart rate, elevation of blood pressure, and a release of stress hormones such as adrenaline and cortisol. These physiological changes prepare the body to face or escape the threat.

During the alarm phase, individuals experience heightened awareness and alertness, which can be beneficial in short bursts of stress. It's a natural reaction designed to enhance survival. Recognizing this initial phase is crucial in understanding how stress affects the body and how subsequent phases, such as resistance and exhaustion, unfold when stressors persist over time.